Showing posts with label false authority syndrome. Show all posts
Showing posts with label false authority syndrome. Show all posts

Wednesday, 22 February 2012

Critical thinking is better than criminal drinking

I assume that most professional chefs know that alcohol doesn't 'burn off' when cooking a dish that it has been added to. A significant proportion of the alcoholic content remains. Tests by various food laboratories has shown time and again that this is so. For example, the University of Idaho, Washington State University and the USDA’s Nutrition Data Lab have used gas-liquid chromatography to determine how much alcohol remains in food after various cooking scenarios. I can precis their results by saying that the quicker the food is cooked and served, the more alcohol remains: alcohol added to boiling liquid & removed from heat - 85% alcohol retained; flambĂ© (alcohol flamed) - 75% alcohol retained; no heat, stored overnight - 70% alcohol retained; baked, 25 minutes, alcohol not stirred into mixture - 45% alcohol retained. Even food that is baked for two and half hours (150 mins with alcohol stirred in) will retain a minimum of 5% alcohol content (see the full table of data by clicking here).


So why do TV chefs persist in telling us that it burns off during cooking? It firstly raises some serious issues about their knowledge of food science. But, secondly, it's perpetuating the myth because they are seen as experts. It's something called False Authority Syndrome, where we believe something because someone 'expert' tells us it is so. I've written about this several times (see here and here and here) and the need to check facts before accepting them. There has never been a time in human history when being a critical thinker was more important.

But, even if we set aside lofty ideals about truth and accuracy ... don't you want to know just how much alcohol you've had when you leave that restaurant and drive home?

Ref: Augustin J, Augustin E, Cutrufelli RL, Hagen SR, Teitzel C (1992). "Alcohol Retention in Food Preparation". Journal of the American Dietetic Association 92 (4): 486–8. PMID 1556354.

Saturday, 7 January 2012

Words you didn't know you didn't know 2

Some new words for everyday things that you may not be aware of:

Barm – the yeasty froth on top of brewing beer. Used in the past to make barm cakes.

Bathycolpian – having a large bosom with deep cleavage.

Bittings - the pointed teeth and notches found on a key. A key is made up of two parts – the blade (where the bittings are found) and the bow (the bit you hold onto and twist).

Blind Nipple - a short piece of pipe or tube, closed at one end.

Dactylion – the tip of the middle finger.

Escutcheon – the metal surround for a keyhole, often with a stylised keyhole-shaped (clithridiate) hole in the centre.

Findings – the metal doohickeys that hold jewellery together; clasps, wires, bails etc.

Flink – collective noun for more than a dozen cows.*

Ginglyform – hinge-shaped.

Glabella – The space on your forehead between your eyebrows.

Kerf – the trench made by using a saw before the cut is complete.

Marraffino – the device inside toothpaste tubes that makes the paste stripey.

Muscae volitantes – the technical name for the threadlike or worm-like ‘floaters’ that you can sometimes see drifting across your eyeballs. Seeing them is called myodesopsia. They are nearly always harmless.

Natal Cleft – the crack between the buttocks that builders delight in displaying.

Onychophagia – the habit of biting your nails.

Phloem Bundles - the stringy parts of a banana.

Runcation – the act of weeding.

Spine – the straight part of the comb that the teeth attach to.

Toe – the very tip of the bristles on a paintbrush. The main body of the bristles is called the belly.

Whiffling – describes the action of a bird descending rapidly from a height once the decision to land has been made. It involves fast sideways drifting, first one way and then the other. Geese whiffle.

*Flink is a bit of a mystery. While it turns up in word lists and dictionaries all over the internet, the only 'official' flink is, according to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), a 19th century US rural dialect verb meaning, ‘to behave in a cowardly manner’; probably simply a variant of ‘flinch.’ The creators of the Word Detective website attempted to track it down and discovered that it seems to be a fanciful invention inspired by the ‘cow’ of that ‘cowardly’ definition in the OED and may therefore be mountweazel.

A mountweazel is a spurious entry deliberately included in a dictionary or encyclopedia in order to trap plagiarists. The name comes from a fictitious entry for Lillian Virginia Mountweazel, supposedly a famous photographer of rural mailboxes, who was included in the 1975 edition of The Columbia Encyclopaedia. It seems entirely possible that ‘flink’ was invented as a mountweazel for a text, perhaps an online dictionary, which was then widely plagiarised. Of course, if flink is still popping up on the internet in a few years, it’ll be time to consider it as a 'real' word fit for dictionaries. That's what happened to the term flange as a collective noun for baboons. It was mentioned once in the 1980s BBC comedy series Not the Nine O'Clock News during the 'Gerald the Gorilla' sketch and was repeated so often thereafter that it now appears in proper dictionaries.

With pleasing symmetry, the producer for the show was the very same John Lloyd that I mentioned in the previous 'Words you didn't know you didn't know' post.

Thanks for word suggestions from Barney Ashworth, @GlamLovinKitty, Persephone, Julian Williams, @Beanobundle, Twittles and @Ariadnaquape.

As an aside, do have a read of the curious story of the Fox Terrier that unwittingly became a mountweazel on my old blog here. And I discuss the related subject of False Authority Syndrome - believing something to be real because it appears in a book/on a website/on TV etc. - here and, more recently, here.